Vacant properties—whether they are homes awaiting sale, commercial buildings under renovation, or properties between tenants—are particularly vulnerable to fire risks. Without regular supervision, unoccupied buildings can quickly become targets for vandalism, suffer from accidental fires, or experience mechanical failures that lead to dangerous situations. Fire prevention in these settings is crucial, not only to protect the property itself but also to prevent fires from spreading to neighbouring buildings.
In this blog, we’ll explore the steps property owners and managers can take to prevent fires in vacant properties, including implementing security measures, maintaining fire alarms, and addressing common fire hazards.
1. Maintain Fire Alarms and Detection Systems
Even though a property may be vacant, it’s critical to keep the fire detection systems operational. A functional fire alarm system can alert nearby residents, security personnel, or fire services in the event of a fire, providing an essential first line of defence.
- Keep Smoke Alarms and Fire Detectors Active:
Never deactivate smoke alarms, heat detectors, or fire suppression systems, even if the building is unoccupied. These systems are crucial for early fire detection and can help limit damage in the event of an incident. - Install Monitored Alarm Systems:
For extra security, consider installing a monitored fire alarm system. This type of system is connected to an external monitoring service that alerts the fire department automatically if a fire is detected. This is especially useful for vacant buildings where no one is on-site to call emergency services. - Check Alarm Batteries and Backup Power:
Ensure that all smoke detectors and fire alarms have fresh batteries or are hardwired with backup power sources. If your property has battery-operated alarms, conduct periodic checks to ensure they remain functional during the vacancy.
2. Remove Fire Hazards and Flammable Materials
Vacant buildings can accumulate fire hazards over time, especially if the property is under construction or renovation. Ensuring that all flammable materials are removed or securely stored will reduce the risk of accidental fires.
- Clear Out Flammable Materials:
Before vacating the property, remove any combustible materials, such as paint, chemicals, or stored fuel. These items can fuel a fire if a spark or ignition source is introduced. If certain flammable materials cannot be removed, make sure they are stored in fireproof containers. - Inspect Electrical Systems:
Electrical malfunctions are a common cause of fires in vacant properties. Before leaving the building unattended, have a qualified electrician inspect the property’s electrical systems to ensure there are no faulty wires, overloaded circuits, or damaged electrical outlets that could lead to a fire. - Shut Off Utilities:
If possible, shut off non-essential utilities such as gas and electricity. This reduces the risk of accidental fires caused by leaks, malfunctioning appliances, or damaged wiring. However, if utilities are needed to maintain fire safety systems or heating in the winter, ensure that these systems are in good working order.
3. Prepare for Winter Fire Risks
In colder months, vacant properties are at risk from fires caused by heating systems or burst pipes. Taking precautions to prevent these types of incidents is especially important in winter.
- Prevent Burst Pipes:
Frozen pipes can burst, causing water damage that could lead to electrical malfunctions and fire risks. To prevent this, keep the property heated to a minimum temperature or properly drain and shut off water systems if the property will be unoccupied for an extended period. - Service Heating Systems:
Ensure that any heating systems, such as boilers or radiators, are properly maintained before leaving the property vacant. Faulty heating systems can overheat or catch fire if left unattended, so make sure they are inspected and serviced by a professional.
4. Vandalism Prevention and Community Involvement
Vacant properties are often targeted for vandalism, which can result in fires. Engaging the local community and taking proactive steps to protect the building can significantly reduce these risks.
- Inform Neighbours or Local Authorities:
Let nearby residents or local authorities know that the property will be vacant. Neighbours can help keep an eye on the property and report any suspicious activity. Some neighbourhoods have community watch programs that can include vacant properties in their patrols. - Vandal-Resistant Fire Protection:
If your property is in a high-crime area, consider installing vandal-resistant fire protection systems. This includes tamper-proof fire alarms, secure access panels, and protective enclosures for exterior electrical systems.
5. Conduct Regular Inspections
Even with fire safety systems and security measures in place, it’s essential to inspect the property periodically to ensure that everything is in good condition and no new hazards have emerged.
- Arrange for Property Checks:
Schedule regular property inspections, either by a security company, property manager, or trusted local contact. Inspections should focus on ensuring that all fire safety systems are operational, no unauthorized access has occurred, and there are no fire hazards on the premises. - Monitor the Property Remotely:
For additional peace of mind, consider installing remote monitoring systems that allow you to check in on the property via cameras or motion detectors. Some systems also offer fire detection alerts that can notify you of any issues in real-time.
Protecting Your Vacant Property from Fire Risks
Fires in vacant properties can be catastrophic, not only causing damage to the building itself but also potentially spreading to nearby homes or businesses. By taking a proactive approach to fire prevention—through securing the property, maintaining fire detection systems, removing fire hazards, and conducting regular inspections—you can significantly reduce the risk of fire in an unoccupied building.
Whether your property is temporarily vacant or will be unoccupied for an extended period, following these steps will help keep it secure and protected from fire risks, ensuring that it’s ready for future occupancy without costly damage.
For expert advice on fire protection and prevention, contact Martyn Young Fireproofing Consultancy on 07585 896648